Course Credit
3-0-0-3 (Lecture-Tutorial-Practical-Credit)
Course Category
Elective
Target Programme
PG
Prerequisite
Electric Circuits
Consent of teacher
Required for B.Tech students
Learning Outcomes
By the end of the course, students should understand the various subsystems involved in the analysis and design of photovoltaic (PV) systems and their applications.
Course Content
| S. No. | Topic | Lecture Hours |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | The PV Cell: A historic perspective, PV cell characteristics and equivalent circuit, model of PV cell, short circuit, open circuit and peak power parameters, datasheet study, cell efficiency, effect of temperature, temperature effect calculation example, fill factor, PV cell simulation. | 3 |
| 2 | Series and Parallel Interconnection: Identical cells in series, load line, non-identical cells in series, protecting cells in series, interconnecting modules in series, simulation of cells in series, identical cells in parallel, non-identical cells in parallel, protecting cells in parallel, interconnecting modules, simulation of cells in parallel, practicals – measuring I-V characteristics, PV source emulation. | 4 |
| 3 | Energy from Sun: Introduction, insolation and irradiance, insolation variation with the time of the day, earth-centric viewpoint and declination, solar geometry, insolation on a horizontal hotplate, energy on a horizontal hot plate, sunrise and sunset hour angles, examples. | 3 |
| 4 | Incident Energy Estimation: Energy on a tiled flat plate, energy plots in octave, atmospheric effects, air mass, energy with atmospheric effects, clearness index, clearness index and energy scripts in octave. | 3 |
| 5 | Sizing PV: Sizing of PV for applications without batteries, sizing PV examples, batteries – intro, batteries – capacity, batteries – C rate, batteries – efficiency, batteries – energy and power densities, batteries comparison, battery selection, other energy storage methods, PV system design – load profile, days of autonomy and recharge, battery size, PV array size, design tool box in octave. | 4 |
| 6 | Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT): MPPT concept, input impedance of DC-DC converters – boost converter, buck converter, buck-boost converter, PV model in spice, simulation - PV and DC-DC interface. | 3 |
| 7 | MPPT Algorithms: Impedance control methods – reference cell voltage scaling, reference cell current scaling, sampling method, power slope methods, hill climbing method, practical points – house keeping power supply, gate driver, MPPT for non-resistive loads, simulation - MPPT. | 4 |
| 8 | PV - Battery Interfaces: Direct PV battery connection, charge controller, battery charger – understanding current control, slope compensation, simulation of current control, batteries in series - charge equalization, batteries in parallel. | 4 |
| 9 | Peltier Cooling: Peltier device – principle, peltier element – datasheet, peltier cooling, thermal aspects – conduction, convection, peltier refrigeration example, radiation and mass transport, demo of peltier cooling. | 3 |
| 10 | PV and Water Pumping: Water pumping principles, hydraulic energy and power, total dynamic head, numerical solution – Colebrook formula, octave solution for head calculation, PV and water pumping examples, Octave script for hydraulic power, centrifugal pump, reciprocating pump, PV power, pumped hydro application. | 4 |
| 11 | PV - Grid Interface: Grid connection principles, PV to grid topologies, 3-phase dq controlled grid - introduction, dq axis theory, ac to dc transformations, dc to ac transformations, complete grid connection, 1-ph dq controlled grid connection, 3-ph PV grid interface example, SV PWM discrete implementation, SVPWM analog implementation, application of integrated magnetics. | 4 |
| 12 | Life Cycle Costing: Growth models, growth model examples, annual payment and present worth factor, life cycle costing examples. | 3 |
Total: 42 hours
Teaching Methodology
NPTEL lectures
Assessment Methods
Assignments: 25%
Proctored Exam: 75%
*Subject to changes as announced by instructor / NPTEL
Textbook
- Gilbert M. Masters, “Renewable and Efficient Electric Power Systems”, Wiley-Blackwell; 2nd edition (2013), ISBN-13: 978-1118140628